Source: Elkem.com

The Wonders of Fused Silica in Optics

Introduction to Fused Silica

Fused silica, also known as amorphous silicon dioxide, is a key material in the realm of optical glasses. It is produced by melting silica powder to fuse the grains together and then rapidly cooling it to prevent crystallization. Fused silica is widely used in both bulk optical components and fiber optics due to its exceptional properties.

Key Properties of Fused Silica

Fused silica boasts remarkable mechanical, thermal, chemical, and optical properties, making it a highly sought-after material in optics. It is hard, robust, and relatively easy to machine and polish. With a high glass transition temperature, fused silica can withstand elevated temperatures. Its low thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal shock resistance further enhance its utility in various applications.

Fabrication of Fused Silica

To produce fused silica, solid silica is melted at temperatures around 1650 to 1700 °C and rapidly cooled to prevent crystallization. The fabrication process is crucial to minimize impurities that can affect the optical properties of the material. Chemically refined silica is often used to achieve high material quality.

Grades and Applications of Fused Silica

Different grades of fused silica cater to specific applications, such as infrared or ultraviolet optics. The material is utilized in a wide array of optical components, including lenses, prisms, mirrors, and optical fibers. Fused silica finds applications in high-power laser systems, acousto-optic modulators, dielectric coatings, and optical fibers for telecommunications.

Conclusion

Fused silica stands as a versatile and indispensable material in the field of optics, offering a unique combination of properties that make it ideal for various optical applications. Its wide spectral transmission range, hardness, and thermal stability make it a top choice for optical components and systems. With ongoing advancements in fabrication techniques and material quality, fused silica continues to drive innovations in optical technologies.

Source: Ohara GmbH
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